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Sulphur and Sulphoric acid Application as Soil Amendment For Crop yield Enhancement

Authors:
[ Rezae ] -
[ Gandomkar ] -
[ Fathi ] -
[ Mohammadi ] -

Abstract:

During crude oil refinery the sulfur element is a by product in large quantity. Also the atmospheric sulfur return to the earth in the form of acid rain which causes plants distraction. However soil application of sulfur in different forms in the presence of organic matter and thiobacillus bacteria can be use as a soil amendments for improving soil condition and plant nutrients. Increasing salinity of irrigation water is associated with increasing irrigation water sodium concentration, therefore increases soil exchangeable sodium percentage(ESP). The high increase of soil exchangeable sodium percentage caused soil structure destruction and leads to poor soil water infiltration and gas exchange rates. To alleviate this problem the replacement of sodium by calcium in the soil exchangeable complex has been suggested in which application of sulfur in different forms was suggested required. Effect of reduction of 3 meq ESP per 100 gr. soil, using sulfuric acid, gypsum, elemental sulfur and control(without any soil amendment)treatments as the subplot and four irrigation water qualities of 2, 4, 6 and 8 dS/m as the main plot, in a split plot arrangement in four replicates were studied on alfalfa hay yield and soil chemical properties. Soil amendment application especially sulfuric acid and elemental sulfur increased alfalfa yield. In 4, 6 and 8 dS/m irrigation water treatments application of sulfuric acid increased alfalfa fresh yield by 6, 10 and 10 ton/ha, compare with the control which shows increasing effect of soil amendment on alfalfa yield by increasing irrigation water salinity. Effect of irrigation water salinity on yield was significant. The effect of Gypsum application on Phosphors content of alfalfa was significantly different from other treatments. Sulfuric acid application increased phosphors in alfalfa due to locally decreasing soil pH value. The effects of irrigation water treatments were, and soil amendments were not significant on electrical conductivity, exchangeable sodium percent, soil cations and anions, respectively.

Keywords:

sulphur, pollution, soil amendment, yield, crop.