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Hanshin Earthquake Experience:Lessons for Damage Reduction in Urban Scale Earthquake

Author:
[ Zhila Pooyan ] - International Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Seismology

Abstract:

The Hanshin Earthquake in 1995 that hit Kobe City, northern portion of Awaji Island and eastern part of Osaka Prefecture was one of the big earthquakes at urban scales in Japan. Kobe City that was the most affected by the Hanshin Earthquake had not been recorded any earthquake for about 1500 years. So Kobe had the image of being a safe city from earthquakes. Hanshin Earthquake had many lessons for disaster preparedness at city and even regional level. Human damages caused by the Earthquake were mainly due to lack of preparedness at local level including local government preparedness, fire fighting anticipations, rescue, relief and citizens’ preparedness. Kobe City Reconstruction which took ten years had some lessons for reconstruction at city scale earthquake that in this paper the main outcomes of the reconstruction including sustainable solutions are presented. Improving urban environment through creating more spaces for reducing density, regional anticipation for fire fighting, improving congested urban areas through urban planning methods and community participation are the most important matters. Finally residents and authorities view toward disaster preparedness based on the some studies in Kobe City will be presented.

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