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Abstract of the Article

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“Pre – disaster planning”

Authors:
[ Saeed Akbari ] - Master course student in Shahid Beheshti University Iran, Tehran, Shahid Beheshti University , Faculty of Art & Architecture, Department Landscape Architecture
[ Kaveh Fattah ] - Master course student in Shahid Beheshti University Iran, Tehran, Shahid Beheshti University , Faculty of Art & Architecture,Department Landscape Architecture
[ Narciss sohrabi ] -

Abstract:

The gulf region could be considered in general as a semi-inactive region. Several parts of the region were subjected to earthquakes in the past decays. Many seismic activities have been recorded in the past century in various degrees such as in Syria, Saudi Arabia, Jordan, Iraq, and most recently in Iran. Iran is a disaster – prone country and is often hit by natural catastrophes. The Bam earthquake of December 26, 2003 (Mw6.5) occurred at 01:56:56 (GMT, 05:26:26 local time) around the city of Bam in the southeast of Iran. The earthquake happened at 5:26 A.M local time when most of the inhabitants were sleeping, which could be one of the causes of the great life loss. The number of victims was officially declared to be more than, 40,000. Also more than 50,000 people are declared to be injured and about 100,000 people homeless. The population of Bam was about 100,000 at the time of the earthquake in 2003. Planners and concerned authorities should take many prior prepared procedures to minimize the damages and the people sufferings. It is required to take quick political and engineering decisions to return the affected areas and structures that faced the natural phenomena to condition were it could used quickly by beneficiaries and their return to normal livelihood. The paper presents some criteria that should be considered by planners when planning new or existing urban areas to accommodate the massive and urgent requirement after disasters to minimize the damages and the people sufferings. One of the important factor which should be taken into consideration is location of the transportation routs or public places specially hospitals and police stations. These places apart from high quantity of stability should be built in the places that both have the ability to service the maximum quantity and being in the farthest distance from the “ crisis line” . It seems that in order to gain such a characteristic , a complete study before city planning , is required . For example , two existing hospitals of Bam city were the first building which were damaged, so that they couldn’t service any more. For sure this problem was lead to bring into much more confusion in the city which probably resulted in some of those life losses. When such a factor can play that vital role, we can guess the importance pf location of such places. It is clear that the rapid urbanization in progress in the Iran and the real possibility of local earthquakes near cities, the seismic risk in the Iran is increasing rapidly, and should not be ignored .In this paper we try to find some urban guidelines before planning to minimize the role of disaster planning during crisis, that’s why we call it “pre-dissster planning”

Keywords:

Iran, Bam city, earthquakes, city planning, seismic, risk, disasters.