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Abstract of the Article

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Flash Floods ,Prediction and Damage Reduction

Authors:
[ Maryam Azarakhshi ] - Ph.D. Student Univ.of Tehran, Iran
[ Mohammad Mahdavi ] - Professor, Univ.of Tehran, Iran

Abstract:

Floods are among natural hazards which cause considerable damage spatially in arid and semi arid regions of Iran. Nowadays human activities have changed natural behavior of several streams and have magnified the frequency and occurrence of floods. Flash floods occurring in small basins have high volume while happen in a short period. Time to peak in such floods is a critical parameter which depends on several factors such as rainfall intensity, slope of main channel, bifurcation ratio, soil infiltration, etc. This study has conducted in Gorgan rood Watershed located in northeast of Iran to find the prone areas which cause flash floods using effective factors. Investigation of huge flood occurred in August 2001 in Golestan province showed 150 mm rainfall in 11 hours with 50 mm fall in an hour caused huge flood with peak discharge of 3200 m^3/s . Other factors that caused this flash flood are change of natural coverage from rangeland and forest to urban, roads etc. The results assist decision makers to establish flood warning systems and hydro climatologic gauging stations and facilities in areas which have more susceptibility for flooding to reduce damage caused by flash floods.

Keywords:

Flood, Flash flood, Concentration time, Sensitive location