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Role of Space Technology in Management and Mitigation of Disaster Effects

Author:
[ Mohammad Mosaferi ] - Ph.D of Environmental Health, Assistant Professor of School of Health and Nutrition, Tabriz Medical Sciences University

Abstract:

Disasters can be classified as natural disasters (biological, geological, or climatic), technological disasters, or complex emergencies include civil wars and conflicts. According to the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, internationally reported disasters in 2002 affected 608 million people worldwide and killed 24,532—well below the preceding decade’s annual average mortality of 62,000 that unfortunately More than 90 percent of natural disaster– related deaths occur in developing countries. Disaster management involves a series of information-intensive phases: pre-disaster planning, disaster preparedness and forecasting, emergency (disaster) response, recovery and reconstruction. Space technology can play a role in furnishing the information required in each of these phases. In the case of disaster, prevention is better than cure and to adopt the mitigation of damage could result in preventing deaths and injuries from disasters and as a result sustainable development will be considerably improve. A number of space-based technologies (e.g. Satellite meteorology, mobile satellite services, meostationary telecommunication satellites, navigation and geo-positioning systems, internet and other broadband applications, remote sensing satellites, telecommunications, earth observation, geo-positioning and meteorology) can contribute to the information requirements of the different phases of a disaster management program and therefore offer significant potential for minimizing the impact of natural hazards. Present paper provide different types of mentioned technologies applications and their potential uses in Iran for disaster management.

Keywords:

Disaster, Space technology, Management