Elevators are widely used for transportation of people in buildings. Every year, more elevators are installed. Since, Iran is located in an earthquake-prone area; we should apply proper safety measures and standards for reinforcing elevators against earthquakes. In production of such structures, it is necessary to study seismic forces and their impact on these structures for taking proper actions for reinforcement of the elevator structures. In designing conventional elevators, we focus on the safety of the elevator car, safety gears, wire ropes and counterweights and calculate necessary strength for bearing vertical forces and supporting the structure. On the other hand, one of the primary damages during earthquake is bending of guide rails, so we can not use elevators after earthquake cause passengers be trapped in car. For preventing this problem, designing a system to avoid passenger using the elevator is so important and crucial. American Society of Mechanical Engineers has formulated some safety standards for elevators which could be used as a reliable reference for designing of earthquake resistant elevators. Since seismic forces have both vertical and horizontal impact, we must study their impact on the structure of elevator in both directions. In this paper, first we study the impact of seismic forces on elevators and show some of the necessary calculations for reinforcement of elevators according to ASME A17.1 standard. In second part, we study installation of sensors for detection of P waves for evacuating the passengers from elevator car before earthquake which has a vital role for reducing casualties.
Keywords:
Earthquake Resistant Elevator - Seismic forces- Seismic Switch Detector - ASME A17.1 Standard
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Calculation and Design of Earthquake Resistant Elevators
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