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Effects of Climate Change on Agronomic Characteristics of Root Crops in Tabriz

Author:
[ Koocheki ] - Ferdowsi University of Mashhad

Abstract:

Global Changing is a dynamic processes that affects plants mainly through interactions between increase temperature and C02. In the developed countries there is a body of researches on the effects of these factors on crop yields with contrasting results depending on crop species and region. It is believed that at the global level, doubling of C02 concentration and its consequences (e.g. temperature rise and drought) is for the benefit of C3 species with a greater performance at higher latitudes. Regarding the lack of such researches in Iran, the present study was conducted to know the effects of climate change on the productivity of two main root crops. potato and sugarbeet. For this, mean monthly climatic variables, temperature, radiation and rainfall, were predicted for Tabriz under doubled C02 concentration using two general circulation models (GISS and GFDL). The results were then used to reconstruct long term climatic data of Tabriz. Using these data as the inputs of crop simulation model OSBOL, the effects of climate change on growth, development, yield and water requirement of potato and sugarbeet were evaluated. Based on GISS and GFDL predictions the mean annual temperature rise was 4.6 and 4.3 "C, respectively and the mean annual precipitation was increased by 32 and 1 %, respectively. However, mean annual radiation was not change in the prediction models. The results obtained by GISS model showed that doubling C02 concentration led to mean temperature rise by 3.7 "C, 40% increase in mean rainfall and a reduction in mean radiation by 3% during the first 5 months of growth. However, the GFDL model predicted an increase in mean temperature and radiation by 4.7 "C and 495, respectively and 12% reduction in mean rainfall within dhe same period. Crop simulation results showed that doubling C02 concentration and its climatic consequences reduced the number of days to maturity followed by an increase in biomass, root yield and water requirement of sugarbeet. For potato,OSBOL simulation results ,led to contradictive results for biomass and yield when outputs of GISS or GFDL models were used. Climate change had no considerable :ffect on harvest index of both species.

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