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Review on the Role of Climate In Epidemiology of Diseases

Author:
[ Bahonar ] - Faculty of Health, Tehran University of Medicine Sciences

Abstract:

Today in Medical Sciences and health systems, Epidemiology as a science that study determinant's on prevalence and distribution of diseases in human and animal population and the role of climate and its changes in incidence pattern of diseases is very important. This specific attention to climate from old time was in view of scientists, as Hippocrates in his famous thesis, attracts the attention of each physician to the role of climate conditions in different area, beside personal, social and cultural factors on morbidity of diseases. In our country, Iran, Variety climate status, different disease 'especially infectious diseases is endemic and studying the climate conditions in different areas, provides good information for undestanding the procedure of diseases during the year which can be applicable for decision makers in prevention of diseases. In studying the role of climate on diseases and finally human health, factors such temperature, moisture, rate of rainfall and its type, time of rainfall, air pressure and its circulations is important for epidemiologists. In this article, with the division of different areas of Iran into three main areas: north of Alborze mountain chains, central plateau and south of Zagross mountain chains, the main diseases of each zone and their relation with climate will be considered. For example, in north provinces parasitic disease which is related to climate is important and the epidemy of fascioliasis in Bandar Anzali (1989) with more than 10,000 persons suffering is a good example of changing in climate status of a disease. In south provinces especially Sistan and Baluchestan, climate and ecological conditions provides good situation for activity for Mallaria vectors and each year a lot of money of the budget is being spent for campaign against this disease.

Keywords:

Climate - Disease - Epidemiology