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Climatic Changes and Trends Over Qatar, Oman and United Arab Emirates

Authors:
[ Govinda Rao ] -
[ Ali Hamed Al-Mulla ] -
[ Mohd Hassan Al-Sulaiti ] -

Abstract:

Long-term-term climatic changes of annual surface air temperature, surface wind and rainfall of the State of Qatar, Sultanate of Oman and the United Arab Emirates are presented. Results of the trend analysis of annual mean maximum temperature, mean minimum temperature, diurnal range of temperature, number of days with fog and thunderstorms in respect of Qatar are also included in the paper. The study revealed that significant climate warming is taking place in all the three countries. However, there is no notable trend observed in the rainfall series at any of these places. There is a significant decrease in the mean wind speed at many locations in the region of investigation. An interesting feature observed at Doha, Qatar is that a diurnal asymmetry in the surface air temperatures. There is a large increase in the mean minimum temperature but no significant increase in the mean maximum temperature. As a result, there is a notable decreasing tendency in the diurnal range of temperature. This also leads to a conclusion that the major contribution to the overall warming at Doha is by the mean minimum or night Temperatures. Significant increase in the number of thunderstorm days and drastic decline in rhe annual number of fog days were also observed at Doha. Insignificant rise in the rainfall leaves no room for any offset for increase in the moisture loss due to large increase in the air temperatures. The moisture deficit and ~ologically fragile land is likely to have hrther water stress conditions. There has been a steady increase in the total emissions of carbon dioxide over all the three states. However, same stability has reached in the per capita emission rates and still potential exists for further reduction of these rates by adopting energy efficient technologies in various sectors. Though &e climatic changes observed in the study can not be attributed to any single physical ~echanism, but are apparently related to rapid industrialization, urbanization and increased LV of fossil fuels as was conceived at global and regional scales. Gulf, Qatar, Oman, United Arab Emirates

Keywords:

Climate change, greenhouse warming, desert ecosystem, middle east, Arabian