The study of relationship between vitamins B12, B6 and folic acid with homocysteine blood levels in cardiovascular patients

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the most important cause of death and disability in the world, which has a high prevalence in industrialized and developing countries. One of the very high risk for this disease is high levels of homocysteine. In view of the vitamins B12, B6 and folic acid are participated as a cofactor in homocysteine metabolism. We decided to review the study of relationship between vitamins B12, B6 and folic acid with homocysteine blood levels in cardiovascular patients. This article is a review study, which is a collection of some 32 articles gathered for review with the help of key words such as cardiovascular disease, homocysteine, vitamins B12 and B6 and searching websites such as Sid, Iran Medex, Google Scholar, MagIran, Pubmed. Homocysteine is a sulfur amino acid that is catalyzed by methionine synthesis enzyme and produces methionine. Cystathionin B syntheses is also converted homocysteine to cysteine. Vitamins B12, B6 and folic acid participate as a coenzyme and a cofactor of above enzymes in these processes. Therefore, the lack of these vitamins reduces enzymatic activity and inhibits breakdown of homocysteine, which leads to hyperhomocysteinemia. Hyperhomocysteinemia is considered as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. According to the studies, the lack of vitamins B12, B6 and folic acid can lead to reduced homocysteine levels. Therefore, paying attention to the proper diet or supplements intake to lower homocysteine concentrate is recommended in cardiovascular patients.

کلیدواژه ها:

Cardiovascular disease ، Homocysteine ، Vitamins B12 and B6