Evaluation of Efficiency in Japan Electric Power Companies  Fulltext 

[ Seyed Farid Ghaderi ] - Tokyo Institute of Technology Japan
[ Masaru Miyajima ] - Tokyo Institute of Technology Japan

خلاصه مقاله:

Achieving energy efficiency also must consider supply efficiency, how much energy it takes to generate electricity and transmit it to the end user. System efficiency reflects the loss of energy during the processes of generation, transmission and distribution of electricity. Of the millions of tons of coal that are burned to produce heat in generation of electricity every year, only one third is converted into electricity. fhe electric power plant immediately uses 5 to 10 percent of that energy for use in the plant. Around another 10 percent of this energy is consumed in the transmission and distribution of electric energy to end users. Overall, more than 70 percent of the energy used to produce and deliver
electricity never gets to the end user. The costs of this wasted energy are reflected in the customer's electricity bill. Furthermore, once delivered, users of electricity are subjected to more "hidden" costs the demand charge which reflects the rate at which consumers draw energy from the power plant during a particular time of day, are also affected by the time of year. This additional charge can be dramatic. For example, the cost for using electric air conditioning at the "wrong'' time of the day could be as much as 25 to 40 percent higher than what a facility normally pays
for electricity during off-peak times. Minimizing the costs of operations, therefor, is a must for all electric companies. In the other hand utility rates, such as the cost of electricity, are a necessary element of operating in all enterprises. In some industries the payment over electricity make a large percentage of their total expenses. but that doesn't mean that every effort should not be made to reduce their impact on the hottom line, it should be considered that a very small change in operating procedure can change efficiencies drastic.
With taking into account some operational and non operational parameters as inputs and outputs in the Electric Power Companies {F:P('os) in Japan, some insight in the extent of operation could be achieved with which it could he argued on the companies efficiency. Then with comparing them with each other the most efficient company with considering the particular parameter could be introduce. The main focus of the paper will be to evaluate the implementation of the electric companies which could he leaded later to promote efficiency, decreasing the price for the end users and energy-saving opportunities in the opcratine region of each company, both in the public and private sector.

Energy, Electricity, Efficiency, Japan, Power, Electric Companies, Generation, Transmission, Distribution