The Application of Irreversible Codes of S/Z in James Joyce’s Araby
سال انتشار: 1392
نوع سند: مقاله کنفرانسی
زبان: انگلیسی
مشاهده: 1,044
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شناسه ملی سند علمی:
TELT01_125
تاریخ نمایه سازی: 28 آذر 1392
چکیده مقاله:
Roland Barthes as a fervent proponent of semiology believes that semiology is a branch of a comprehensive linguistics: it is the study of how language articulates the world. Semiotic codes, the paths of this articulation, accordingly underlie his attention. Barthes in a structural analysis of Balzac’s Sarrasine in S/Z (1970) expounds five types and functions of these codes: hermeneutic (narrative turning points); proairetic (basic narrative actions); cultural (prior social knowledge); semic (medium-related codes) and symbolic (themes). Dubliners (1914) the most widely read of James Joyce’s works, despite its straightforwardness is correspondingly saturated with these codes such as hermeneutic and proairetic ones. Proairetic codes govern the reader’s construction of the plot, and according to Barthes all the events of a text are codable, that is capable of being encoded and named. In practice, Barthes applies some principles of selectivity and claims that the proairetic sequence is never more than the result of an artifice of reading. Hermeneutic codes can similarly be located in the realm of plot structure. They are responsible for narrative suspense and the reader desire to finish the text. These codes are really the story-telling codes by means of which the narrative raises questions, suspense and mystery before resolving them as it proceeds along its course. As stated by Barthes one way of finding solutions for the conundrums in the story is having recourse to the matter of intertextuality. The notion of intertextuality means that each text exists in relation to other texts. It emphasizes that texts have codes that transcend structures. Texts actually provide contexts within which other texts may be created and interpreted. They draw upon multiple codes from wider contexts–both textual and social. Since for theorist of structuralism language pre-exists individualism and determines subjectivity, intertextuality signifies to broader influences than the influences of writers on each other. This research according to Barthes’ semiology and applied methodology in S/Z deconstructed the text of Araby into several lexias or textual signifiers of varying length in order to elucidate the proairetic codes and structural components that carry a nonverbal message. The present study furthermore tries to show how with resort to a series of signs and the idea of intertextuality a literary text can provide answers for some questionable lexias. It moreover demonstrates that not only can the text of Araby be encoded by the same criteria Barthes encoded Sarrasine but also Joyce himself presents particular names for these codes.
کلیدواژه ها:
نویسندگان
Seyed Ali Booryazadeh
M. A. of English Literature, Vali-e-Asr University, Rafsanjan
Sohila Faghfori
Assistant Professor of English Literature, Vali-e-Asr University, Rafsanjan
Habibe Shamsi
M. A. of English Literature, Shiraz University