A Contrastive Analysis of Positive Politeness Principals in Persian and English for pedagogical purposes

سال انتشار: 1392
نوع سند: مقاله کنفرانسی
زبان: انگلیسی
مشاهده: 2,384

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شناسه ملی سند علمی:

TELT01_248

تاریخ نمایه سازی: 28 آذر 1392

چکیده مقاله:

Pragmatic principles in the context of casual and oral discourse have the universality or diversity across cultures and languages. Politeness as a fixed concept may have varieties in forms and function in different languages. This study intends to politeness strategies by focusing on the positive one in English and Persian. The present paper aims to elicit and classify the range of positive politeness strategies used by Persian and English speakers in the most common situations and it also discusses about the similarities and differences of these two languages based on socio-cultural factors such as solidarity, gender, age or power. Making learners aware of second language pragmatic rules and socio-cultural constraints as well as grammatical rules in order to have a successful communication will be suggested for the language teachers. This paper aims to have a contrastive analysis and a case study of pragmatic Positive Politeness principals used by Persian and English interlocutors. The focus is to understand whether the strategies used by the two groups are the same or not. Based on the maxims of Grice (1975) and the strategies illustrated by Brown and Levinson (1987), an attempt has been made to separate the similarities from the cases of differences. The study is that although there are some similarities in some cases, but for some socio-cultural and linguistic reasons the ways and strategies the Persian and English interlocutors use, differ from each other in many other cases. To prove this an attempt has been made to cite as concrete examples as possible in both languages and then compare them with each other mentioning the source of differences or joint points. The findings suggest that students need explicit instructions of the contradictive forms and functions of politeness. Moreover, EFL material writers should also include such expressions in their textbooks. The similar studies have also called for the need of explicit instructions of politeness. By drawing attention to the use of politeness; students can accordingly increase their awareness to positive politeness and, therefore, improve their competence in oral communication. Since the Persian and English interlocutors are from different cultures, religions, and societies and alongside the linguistic and syntactic interlingual differences of the languages, the principals of positive politeness in Persian are different from those in English in many cases but nearly always, there can be a modulation in the strategies to have equivalence in the other language. Furthermore, it does not mean that there is no similarity between them and they are completely different from each other. The possible similarities between them can be attributed to the degree of training and familiarity with the rhetorical norms and preferences of their disciplines. In other words, although Persian and English speakers come from different cultures, they belong to the same disciplinary culture or to particular knowledge disciplines

نویسندگان

Jahangir Ghaffari

Islamic Azad University of Abadeh, Shiraz

Siamak Karimi

Islamic Azad University of Abadeh, Shiraz

Fatemeh Behjat

Islamic Azad University, Abadeh, Iran