The Contrastive Analysis of Passive Sentence Structure in Persian, English, and Lari Dialect

سال انتشار: 1392
نوع سند: مقاله کنفرانسی
زبان: انگلیسی
مشاهده: 2,293

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شناسه ملی سند علمی:

TELT01_282

تاریخ نمایه سازی: 28 آذر 1392

چکیده مقاله:

Each language has some dialects and accents. The term dialect is used in two distinct ways, even by linguists. One usage refers to a variety of a language that is a characteristic of a particular group of the language's speaker. The term is applied most often to regional speech patterns, but a dialect may also be defined by other factors, such as social class. A dialect that is associated with a particular social class can be termed a sociolect, a dialect that is associated with a particular ethnic group can be termed as ethnolect and a regional dialect may be termed a regiolect or topolect. A dialect is distinguished by its vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation (phonology, including prosody). Languages are autonomous in that they are independent, standardized varieties with a life of their own and dialects are heteronymous, or subordinate to another variety.This paper explores whether there are any differences and similarities among English, Persian as two distinct languages and Lari as a dialect of Persian language based on passive sentence structure. To this end, a hundred transitive verbs were selected in these three languages. Then sentences including each of these verbs were made in terms of three main and general tenses containing present simple tense, simple past and simple future; moreover, sentences having more than one object were studied. The contrast and comparison of them was done based on strong version of contrastive linguistics. In addition, transformational grammar and tree diagram were used to show the elements of the sentence. The results showed all of them enjoy passive sentence structure but the sentence structure in English, Persian, and Lari are completely different. English follows SVO (Subject, Verb, and Object) structure and Persian and Lari are governed by SOV (Subject, Object, and Verb) structure. English is a non pro drop language in which the presence of subject is necessary while Persian and Lari are pro drop languages since they are inflectionally rich. Persian and English possess three main tenses but in Lari present simple tense is used to make sentences in the present and future, for lari relates to middle Persian period when the present tense was used to show both tenses. In Persian and Lari only transitive verbs can be made passive whereas in English some intransitive verbs can be made passive under specific circumstances. They are called pseudo passive sentences. In these three languages, subject-verb agreement is attended. These pedagogical implications would help learners and teachers decrease learning difficulties

نویسندگان

ZAHRA YAZDANPANAH

English Language and Department, Larestan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Larestan, Iran

ASIEH QAVAMI

General and Theology Department, Larestan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Larestan, Iran