Mysticism in Khayyam and Nietzsche

سال انتشار: 1392
نوع سند: مقاله کنفرانسی
زبان: انگلیسی
مشاهده: 1,165

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TELT01_287

تاریخ نمایه سازی: 28 آذر 1392

چکیده مقاله:

Omar Khayyám (1048–1131), the Persian poet, philosopher, theologian and astronomer, was born in Neishabour, Khorasan. He was known as very wise and knowledgeable man in the eyes of his friends as well as his enemies and his other contemporaries. He was called under the epithet ‘Imam’ which shows his role of leadership and wisdom among the people of his age. Khayyam's quatrain is replete with mysterious, equivocal lines and notions whose non-essentialist nature has forever différed (to use Derrida's terminology) its fixed interpretation.In spite of the general belief that Khayyam was a mystical fatalist, this article intends to argue the opposite. In fact, he was the most joyous admirer of life however he was too conscious about the existence and how it can be appreciated through positive philosophy (Epicurism) and joyful poetry. The present study aims to explore comparatively the presence and significance of mystical motifs in Omar Khayyam and Friedrich Nietzsche (1844-1900).The question which is designed to be answered is to explore how a mystic relates his intuitive knowledge to the states of affairs through his works. To do so, an investigation of the mystical implications in the works of Persian poet Omar Khayyam and German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche will be taken, and what import these implications have with regards to literary ontology and with a positive appreciation of nihilism. Omar Khayyam has been one of Persian poets who expressed his mystical ideas such as the philosophy of being and the existence in the afterlife in his Robaiyat (first translated into English in 1859). It is intended to study his literature and compare it with Nietzsche’s poems collected in The Gay Science (1882). The questions of God, afterlife, abandonment of the individual and subjectivity of truth can be found in both thinkers and there is a great deal of similarity between their ideas. The article also shows the little difference which lies in the fact that Khayyam was under the influence of Islamic mysticism and therefore there might be traces of fatalism in his work too against which, albeit, Khayyam is fighting through his poetry. In fact, Khayyam has obtained the exhilarating and liberating consciousness about existence long before Nietzsche talked about it.

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