Behnam Hadi - M.A.), Department of English Translation Studies, East-Azarbaijan Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
Bahloul Salmani - (Ph.D.), Department of English, East-Azarbaijan Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.

Adaptations are an undeniable reality of the world of literature and deserve a serious attention. They require the adaptor to be simultaneously a perfect translator and a creative writer. Adaptation is a form of translation in which the author or translator reads a text in the source language and simply appropriate it for the target-language readers. Therefore, the adapters’ awareness of methods of writing besides principles of translation can be imperative. However, adaptations of literary texts are unknown in the field of translation studies. They are seen as an esoteric and negative phenomenon and usually treated as minor and subsidiary works. Therefore, there should be a thorough study of this phenomenon in the academic circles of translation studies to help adapters as translators be more successful in the adaptation process. In order to do so, there will be a commentary on the adaptation process; then a comparison of Parvin’s adapted translations (poems) of the Nightingale and the Ant and the value of Pearl from foreign works to demonstrate the relations and interactions between two different literary texts and, especially two different literatures with two different cultures and languages and manifest that how art creates art and how literature made by literature. With a wealth of illuminating Parvin’s adapted translations and their original ones, this paper will prove invaluable for any student of translation and literature to know that, as Edward Said (1985:12) points, literature is an order of repetition, not of originality but an eccentric order of repetition, not one of sameness

Literary Translation, Adaptation, Literature