HN-01050253_Sex differences in main components of lifestyle and their association with arterial stiffness

Introduction: Arterial stiffness (AS) act as a future predictor of Cardiovascular disease (CVD), which starts in the initial stage of the disease. Lifestyle modification plays a vital role in preventing CVD; however, the exact components through the sex difference are not clear. Therefore, we have conducted this study to evaluate the association between lifestyle components and AS through the sex difference.Methods: This study was administered on 700 healthy subjects aged between 30-70 years after meeting the inclusion criteria. The carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), augmentation pressure (AP), central augmentation index (cAIx), and arterial age (AA) were assessed. Also, Smoking, physical activity (PA), energy intake, alcohol consumption and meal numbers were measured.Results: Multivariate regression analysis showed a positive correlation between AA and smoking in both men (p=0.02, β=0.11) and women (p=<0.01, β=0.16). Energy intake related with cfPWV (p=0.004, β=0.23), cAIx (p=0.01, β= -0.18), AP (p=0.008, β= -0.19) in women, and with AA (p=0.04, β= -0.13) and cAIx (p=0.04, β= -0.15) in men. PA was only associated with cAIx (p=0.004, β= -0.15) and AP (p=0.05, β= -0.11) in men. alcohol consumption had an inverse association with AA (p=0.03, β= -0.08) in women. Interestingly, meal number was significantly associated with all of the AS markers except cfPWV in both men and women.Conclusion: Our study indicated that an increase in PA and meal numbers alongside reduction in energy intake and smoking could act as a modifiable factor in the prevention of CVD.