Nano Polymeric Biodegradable of Alginate-Arginine for Breast Anticancer Drug Delivery

Natural polysaccharides could easily form biodegradable nanogels, owning good stability in biological fluids due to the existence of the low driving forces for their aggregation. Compared to other nanocarriers, nanogels usually have good biocompatibility, high aqueous dispersibility, and well-defined stable structure [1]. Alginate is one of the most abundant biodegradable natural linear polysaccharide derived from gulfweed, bacteria or seaweed of brown algae, composed of 1–4 linked α-L-guluronic (G) and β-D-mannuronic (M) acid residues. It has been recognized in biomedical applications, owing to its non-antigenicity, nontoxicity, satisfactory biocompatibility, favorable biodegradability, and pH sensitivity [2].The main goal of the project was to produce SA/Arg nanoparticles loaded with PTX. After synthesis of nanoparticles by gelation method, the structure of the FT-IR spectra was identified. Also, using the DLS and SEM images, the approximate diameter of nanoparticles, bulk density and morphology were investigated. The magnitude of the zeta potential of -12.2 mV reduces the accumulation of nanoparticles in suspension. The zeta potential of more than 30 mV indicates the stability of nanoparticles, which prevents their accumulation. The encapsulation efficiency, was between 74.63 and 95.83.The SEM image of the synthesized nanoparticles represents a spherical shape with a good distribution and no accumulation and very fine nanoscale size. The FT-IR spectrum is used to confirm the binding of sodium alginate and arginine, and the formation of amide bonding, as well as the cross-linking of calcium cations with carboxylate alginate and carbonylamide groups.Laboratory studies showed that PTX controlled release of nanoparticles lasted about 96 hours. The PTX drug is absorbed by calcium alginate-arginine (CA-Arg) by covalent coupling, which results in the release of the drug by destroying the stereochemicals by hydrolysis in phosphate buffer with pH = 5. Alginate cross-linking can be destroyed by removing cross-linking calcium ions in a phosphate buffer solution, including HPO42- ions.