Developing A Valid Questionnaire Evaluating the Awareness, Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Pharmacists Regarding Common Upper Respiratory Tract Disorders

Introduction: Patients considered community pharmacies as the most accessible primary care setting to seek attention, especially common upper respiratory disorders. Therefore, pharmacist should have enough and accurate knowledge to advice, manage and triage patients appropriately and to respond their health needs professionally1.The aim of this study was developing a questionnaire regarding the awareness, knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of community pharmacists toward common upper respiratory tract disorders as the most prevalent disorder asking primary care in community pharmacies. Methods: The questionnaire consist of five parts including demographic, awareness, knowledge, attitude and practice. To design this instrument, first, important tips and facts about upper respiratory tract disorders were extracted from UpToDate®, Symptoms in the pharmacy, Handbook of Non-Prescription Drugs and Community pharmacy. Then to design knowledge part an expert panel consists of 11 experts, determined 5 field for knowledge and then they scored to every field separately. The attitude fields include professional position of pharmacists in the health system regarding to the diagnosis and management of upper respiratory tract disorders, and the comparison of pharmacist’s and physician’s role. The awareness and practice questions designed using the expert panel. First draft of questionnaire included 9 awareness questions, 60 knowledge questions, 13 attitude questions and 5 practice questions. First draft was corrected grammarly and apparently. In the tables of validity 11 experts examined validity based on clarity, simplicity and relativeness. The content validity index and content validity ratio were calculated to determine the necessity of each question. Each question passed these validity indexes, shifted to next draft of questionnaire. The expert panel assessed these indexes again. Finally, 22 questions were choosing to assess knowledge; and also, reliability of questions was calculated by alpha Cronbach’s method among 30 pharmacy students in statistical population . 9 questions of awareness, 22 questions of knowledge, 13 questions of attitude and 5 questions of practice were approved by experts. Results and Conclusion: The results of CVI (0.79) and CVR (0.60) helped to detect the inappropriate questions and they removed from questions list. The calculated reliability was 0.731. This valid instrument could be used as an appropriate instrument assessing KAP of pharmacists in one of the most prevalent aspects of practicing in community pharmacies 2

کلیدواژه ها:

Pharmacists ، Pharmaceutical Services ، Awareness ، Primary Health Care ، Surveys and Questionnaires