Life-Threatening Respiratory illness with Human Bocavirus-1 and S.pneumonia co-infection

Background and Objective: Parvoviruses are DNA viruses that contain 4 different types. parvovirus B19 is the most common type and human bocaviruses (HBoV) is another emerging parvovirus. HBV can be isolated commonly from respiratory secretions of children under 2 years of age. Clinical manifestations range from mild upper respiratory symptoms to pneumonia. Although, respiratory infection caused by HBoV1, commonly present with mild respiratory illness, we report a case with severe life-threatening respiratory distress due to HBoV1and S.pneumonia co-infection. Patient Report: Case 1: We describe a fourteen-month-old girl with respiratory distress. Patient’s chest x-ray illustrated diffuse bilateral patchy infiltration. She was hospitalized in PICU and ceftriaxone, clindamycin and oseltamivir were prescribed due to H1N1 break out in the community. On the second day, the patient was intubated and mechanical ventilation was done and antibiotics were changed to vancomycin and meropenem.The patient s progressive respiratory distress lead to respiratory failure and finally the patient expired. Result of blood culture and PCR for influenza virus and coronavirus was negative, but PCR showed positive result for Bocavirus and S.pneumonia. Case 2: One week after the hospitalization of the first patient, her brother was hospitalized with the same symptoms. Also, in this case, PCR showed positive result for Bocavirus. After 6 days, he was discharged from the hospital in good condition. Conclusion: In spite of the fact that HBoV1 is commonly isolated from children with mild respiratory infections, the mentioned case showed that HBov1 can cause life-threatening infections especially in case of co-infection with other organisms.

کلیدواژه ها:

Respiratory illness ، Bocavirus ، S.pneumonia ، children