ETHICAL, SOCIAL AND LEGAL ASPECTS OF GENETIC TECHNOLOGY IN MEDICINE

Ethics has deep philosophical roots in various human culture as well as in research itself. The application of ethical issues in both genetic research and practice particulary those concerning human and animal is of parmount importance. The broadest ethical issue in the area of genetic service is their limited availability. Remarkable advance in international human genome research and molecular biology would dramatically increase both the potential and requirement for genetic approaches to prevention and treatment of a wide spectrum of disease. Recent dramatic advance in the development of DNA techniques and their possible medical application make it necessary to update strategies for control of genetic of genetic disease. Progress in genetic testing techniques, which is much more rapid than progress in treatment , raises social and ethical issues concerned not with is technology itself but with its proper use. In this regard , it is of the utmost important that scientific, medical and lay organizations should endure the dignity of the individual . the misue of information can be avoided through discussions of different levels in order to establish a firm understanding of the actual and potential applications of new genetictechnology and the achievement of human genome research. This paper will cover both general and specific including issues which should be considered using technology especially molecular genetics diagnosis, gene therapy and prenatal diagnosis. In addition, other ethical aspects of such activities including public attitude, social issues will be elaborated. Also , the importance of ethical issues to be included in any related educational programs to support the application of ethics in medical genetics will be discussed and will be focused on those issues as they relate to the proper use of genetic technology , rather than the technology itself.

کلیدواژه ها:

Ethical ، Legal and Social Aspects ، Prenatal Genetic Diagnosis