Is MicroRNA-375 as a promising biomarker for diabetes type2

MicroRNAs or miRNAs are single stranded non-coding RNA molecules paly fundamental role in post-translational regulation of protein coding genes. Growing evidence indicates the effect of miRNAs in etiology and pathogenesis of diabetes and related complications. These small molecules affect most of the pathways and regulate insulin synthesis, insulin secretion, pancreas formation as well as insulin resistance in hepatic, adipose and skeletal muscle tissues. Studies showed miRNA-375 acts as critical molecule in development of pancreas in embryo and down regulates in adult b-cell islets. Down-regulation of miR-375 could raise secretion of insulin via effect on its target pathways such as Mtpn and PDK1.In the other hand, decreased proliferation, insulin transcription, secretion of glucose-induced insulin would occur if expression of miRNA-375 triggers.Materials & Methods: Data were collected from electronically scientific databases such as Google Scholar, Science Direct and Wiley according to terms including miRNA-375, post – translational regulation in combination with diabetes1, diabetes2.Results: Up-regulation of miRNA-375 was reported as the most up-regulated miRNA in patients with diabetes type 2 and pre-diabetic patients compared with healthy controls. Conclusion & discussion: Although, miRNA- 375 is strongly expressed in human pancreas, gastrointestinal -tract, adipose tissue, liver, adrenal, and brain, significant up-regulation of mir-375 in patient with diabetes type2 and pre-diabetic patients represents important role of this small molecule in pathogenesis of diabetes. In addition, it can be considered as valuable prognostic, diagnostic and also therapeutic biomarker in this challenging disease.

کلیدواژه ها:

miRNA-375 ، post – translational regulation-diabetes1 ، diabetes2