Biomarker Discovery strategy

Energy metabolic system dysfunction (EMSD) is the main cause of type 2 diabetes (T2D). The EMSD can be caused by different triggers; 1- The defect of the gene (s) involved in EMS such as adiponectin, leptin, and leptin receptor, 2- A disruption in the homeostatic balance between the gene/protein (s) involved in the protection and break down of lipid droplets (LDs) within adipocytes in adipose tissue (AT), 3- Gene-environment interaction induced EMSD (e.g. diet can alter the gene behavior) and 4- The EMS functionality decreases as people age. Since there is a high structural and lipid composition similarity between LDs and plasma lipoproteins and in particular very Low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) particles, it is very important to explain the link between these two particles that play an important role in the development of EMSD. All metabolic diseases such as obesity, T2D, IR, and cardiovascular metabolic disorders increase with the age because of the reduction of metabolic function efficiency. The discovery of the components responsible for premature aging or healthy aging will provide us with the possibilities to correct premature aging or extend healthy aging. In this regard, it is essential to apply Systems Biology combined with the correct question and right study design.