Nanotechnology for water Treatment: Challenges

Looking at the most advanced water treatment process, it is apparent that the membrane technology is the today's state of the art. Though nano membrane technology is fairly new to the water industry but yet its growth in treatment applications is tremendous. This is due to a steadily decreasing manufacturing cost, a relatively lower chemical consumption and low maintenance compared to conventional treatment. However the widespread of this potential feature is significantly restricted by fouling issue which reduces its productivity, permeate quality and treatment performance. In this paper as continue of application of nanotechnology in water treatment, we have reviewed natural organic matter (NOM) and its components as the major membrane foulants during the separation and purification of water works. In addition, possible fouling mechanisms relating to NOM fouling, current techniques employed to characterize fouling mechanisms and methods to control fouling were briefly discussed.

کلیدواژه ها:

Nanotechnology ، Membrane fouling ، Water treatment