Nursing Care in PARAQUAT POISONING: A review Article

INTRODUCTION: One of the most common herbicides used in agriculture is Paraquat. This material has different names such as Gramuron, Dexuron, Pillarxone, Gromoxone, etc. Poisoning with Paraquat is a serious medical problem that can lead to death. Paraquat has a negative effect on all body systems. These patients need urgent nursing care in the early hours. This narrative review study was designed to review the role of nurses in emergency care of poisoning with Paraquat.METHODS: In this study, had been reviewed the electronic and manual searches of databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, SID, and MagIran from 2000 to 2019. A total of 19 article were found that after removing duplication articles and articles without PDF, 9 articles were included in the study.RESULTS: The result showed this toxin leads to changes in the chemical formula of oxygen and the production of free oxygen radicals, which leads to hypoxemia and impairs the functioning of the body s systems, especially the respiratory system. Clinical features of Paraquat poisoning include in damage to the lungs, liver and kidneys. Blood and urine tests can be performed to detect Paraquat levels in the blood. Patients with a plasma Paraquat level below 0.1 mg / L in 24 hours are likely to survive. Emergency interventions at the patient s arrival include: fixation of the naso-gastric tube and then gastric lavage within the first 2 hours after poisoning, the use of activated charcoal or a Fuller s earth (100 mg in 200 ml of mannitol), plasma Paraquat testing and urine tests, patient monitoring for respiratory rate and oxygen saturation, avoidance of oxygenation in the early stages (because it exacerbates poisoning), injection of N-acetylcysteine (2 gr per day), vitamin C (2500 mg) and hemoperfusion. In addition, nurses should pay attention to control of vital signs, management of stress and pain, and psychological support of the patients and them family.CONCLUSION: This poison does not have a special antidote, therefore, the training of the treatment team and emergency nurses can prevent mortality and complications of the toxin.

کلیدواژه ها:

Paraquat ، Poisoning ، Nursing ، Emergency cares