Distribution and Abundance of Natural Parasitoid Wasps of Synanthropic Flies Pupae in Urmia, Iran

Background: Synanthropic flies are members of order Diptera and considered as medical or veterinary pests. Synanthropic flies commonly known as blow flies, house flies and flesh flies.They are capable of mechanically transmitting of human pathogens and causes myiasis on living tissues of vertebrates directly. The choice of effective insecticides for fly populations control has been limited and these populations are not controlled by many insecticides. One of methods to control the synanthropic flies is using parasitoid wasps as biological control agents.Objectives: The aim of this study was to estimate the natural parasitism rates of pupae of Musca domestica, Lucilia sericata, and Sarcophaga heamorrhoidalis by parasitoid wasps in order to selecting a suitable biological control agent.Materials and Methods: 50 pupae of any species of flies, including Musca domestica, Lucilia sericata, and Sarcophaga haemorrhoidalis placed in the three separate dish then the dishes covered by net with 10*10 mesh. These dishes were left in nature and after a week, brought to the laboratory and assessed pupae. This was replicated five times during summer. In total, 750 pupae were exposed. A comparisons three-way ANOVA was used for analysis data.Results: In this study, three parasitoid species were captured including Nasonia vitripennis, Pachycrepoideus vindemmiae and Spalangia nigroaenea (Pteromalidae, Hymenoptera). The most of parasitic rate related to N. vitripennis (%17.2). S. nigroaenea has been active only on the housefly pupae. The emerged adult for P. vindemmiae and S. nigroaenea were one by one host pupae but N. vitripennis is polyembryony that the high number of emerged adults from one pupa was 11 for this species. Most of the parasitized pupae were of M. domestica which was attacked by three species of wasps.Conclusion: The study reveals that N. vitripennis might be a candidate for biological control of synanthropic flies, and S. nigroaenea is suitable for specific control of house fly

کلیدواژه ها:

Synanthropic fly ، Peteromalidae ، Biological Control ، Parasitoid ، Iran