The Relations Between Migraine and Periodontal Disease

Background Migraine is a vascular origin disease that involves immune cells. One of the main types of migraine is chronic migraine (CM). Migraine is an important cause of disability universal. One of the keyfactors causing the incidence of migraine is pro-inflammatory responses and immune mediators. Periodontal disease is a chronic local bacterial infection with continuous up-regulation of proinflammatory responses and immune mediators. In this article, we discuss about relations between migraine and periodontal disease. Method We have had an extensive search through Scholar and Pubmed in order to extract the literature concerning the relations between inflammatory periodontal factors and migraines. Results In this regard, we detected eight articles in Pubmed and fifteen articles in google Scholar, all published from 2014 onward.Discussion In periodontal inflammation, the gingiva releases a great number of proinflammatory mediators that play a significant role in the promotion of migraine attacks, which may cause the CM. In this procedure, Leptin is characterized as a part of the immune response against periodontal inflammation, which intervenes in modulating some of the cytokines. The increased Leptin level in patients diagnosed with CM serum, supports this finding. Furthermore, chronic periodontitis independently contributes to enhance the level of serum procalcitonin in CM patients. In addition, inflammatory condition increases the level of GCF nitrite significantly and Nitrate-containing compounds cause the common headaches. Conclusion Leptin as a biomarker could play a role in the pathogenesis of migraine. According to the articles in periodontal inflammation, the release of proinflammatory mediators causes promotion of migraine attacks. So, we can consider CP as a risk indicator of CM.