Indirect Losses of Water Services Lifeline due to Earthquake

Impacts of earthquakes are usual in each event area, they are direct and indirect effects on economy and society. The activities are suffer due to disorder in other part from earthquakes. Sometimes indirect losses from earthquakes are vast than direct losses, cause inter-industry relations. This paper is focused on indirect losses from fail of Water Services Lifeline (WSL). The water services are important in health of society special in event times. The results show that some activities are suffered by break in water services lifeline. some activities are depend on water services. If it has disorder in its performance cause of an earthquake or a catastrophe, some sectors without any physical damages might have suffer. In this study, we emphasized indirect losses due to fail of water services pay attention to ripple-effects. Indirect losses estimated through Input-Output (I-O) method. We considered ripple-industry relative for estimate indirect effects.

کلیدواژه ها:

Economy ، Indirect losses ، Earthquake