Circulating miRNAs in serum: a new biomarker to detect breast cancers at an early stage

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in Iranian women and all women around the world. Early detection of this cancer is a big obstacle because late diagnosis may cause poor cure. Unfortunately, about 70 percent of breast cancer cases are diagnosed at stage three which is too late and not helpful for stopping and curing cancer.MicroRNAs are a class of molecular biomarkers which they are short, single-stranded noncoding RNAs that bind to messenger RNA (mRNA) in a sequence-specific manner to regulate gene expression. miRNAs have tissue-specific expression patterns and the dysregulation (either Up-regulation or down-regulation) of miRNA leads to disease progression, particularly cancer. A range of researches have been shown that serum levels of miRNAs may differ between diagnosed cancer cases and controls.In every particular cancer, such as breast cancer, measuring expression level of specific circulating miRNAs is an easy and usable early detection method. For measuring this dysregulation there are some regular techniques such as Real Time-qPCR, Micro array, Deep sequencing of the transcriptome (RNAseq), and Northern blot. In these years, nanobiosensors are widely used to quantify miRNA level because they are more accurate, more selective, more detection limit, more speed and are needed less complicates devise and tools.In this review we try to introduce and explain the finding and the researches on circulating miRNA in serum which can be introduced as potential biomarkers for early detection of breast cancer.

کلیدواژه ها:

miRNA ، Breast cancer ، early detection ، serum