CRISPR targets Cancer: Chain Reaction as a novel method

Introduction & Aim: Most inherited cases of breast cancer are associated with two abnormal genes: BRCA1 and BRCA2. The ability to correct or ablate such mutations holds immense promise for combating breast cancer. Recently, because of its high efficiency and accuracy, the CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing technique has been widely used in cancer therapeutic explorations. Methods: This review study was done with the method of gathering data by targeted research among scientific data bases PubMed, Science direct, Pro Quest, Ovid, Elsevier, Google scholar by using the key words; breast cancer, CRISPR-Cas9, mutagenic chain reaction, BRCA1 and BRCA2 Results: The mutagenic chain reaction (MCR) cassette that contains the guide RNA for breast target genes and the Cas9 under the control of a promoter expressed throughout the breast tissue flanked by regions of homology to BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes for replacing might be applied to gene therapy. Genome targeting by CRISPR-Cas9 elicits a gene-independent anti-proliferative cell response with a severity proportional to the total number of discrete genomic loci targeted. Sensitivity of cancer cells to site-specific DNA damage, which may provide a path to novel therapeutic strategies. Targeting non-essential genes or non-coding intergenic sequences within regions of copy number amplification may reveal cancer-specific vulnerabilities. Conclusion: CRISPR-Cas9 In addition to targeting cancer cell genomes directly, can also be used to fight oncogenic infections, modulate gene expression, and explore anti-cancer drugs and can be applied for precise engineering of immune cells and oncolytic viruses for cancer immunotherapeutic applications