Biological synthesis of carbon nanofibers (CNFs) by peritrichous bacteria

Carbon Nanofibers (CNFs) are cylindrical nanostructures of graphene layers in which carbon atoms are arranged in the form of a hexagon. The diameter of a CNF string is between 1 to 2 nm and sometimes extends up to a few micrometers. Different types of CNs are produced based on the production method, which differs dramatically in terms of structure, composition, and characteristics. These methods are mainly based on chemical reactions at very high temperatures and pressures. The use of this chemical processes can cause many problems, such as the need for toxic chemicals and complex steps for gas degradation, carbon sedimentation, Also, problems such as graphitization, increasing the thickness of the fibers, the lack of appropriate nanoscale format, as well as purification problems. Today, using green chemistry methods and microorganisms has resulted in biocompatible nanoparticles materials. Today s, development of green chemistry methods like using microorganisms by which biocompatible nanoparticles materials have resulted, have been noticed. For the first time in the present study, peritrichous bacteria are used as nanoscale templates for the deposition of carbon atoms. The preferred peritrichous bacterium is Proteus mébbillis, which is the most flagellated bacteria known with the nanoscale flagellum diameter. These biological fibers absorb all positive nanoparticles in the environment due to its negative overall charge. It is possible to facilitate the reaction of carbon atoms on the surface of the flagella by creating or adding activated carbon cations (carbocations) or graphite nanoparticles and simultaneous induction of electrical current using electrolysis or electrical arc. In the end, in order to eliminate the organic residue and to complete the remaining reaction, the resulting material would exposure at a temperature above 600 ° C. The analyzes used in this method include: XRD, SEM-EDX, and BET.

کلیدواژه ها:

Carbon cation ، Carbon nanofibres (CNFs) ، Green chemistry ، Proteus Mirabilis ، Synthesis