Development of Failure Mode Effects Analysis Using DEMATEL and ANP Models

Failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) is a risk assessment technique that decreases potential failures in processes, designs or services has been used in a wide range of industries. The traditional Risk Priority Number (RPN) has been criticized to have many deficiencies various risk priority models have been proposed in the literature to increase the performance of FMEA. In a traditional, for each failure modes, three risk factors of severity (S), occurrence (O), detection (D) are calculated a risk priority number (RPN) is obtained by multiplying these factors. In this study, a MCDM approach, allowing experts to use Decision Making Trial and Evaluation (DEMATEL) method for determining relationship between failure modes, then is applied to Analytical Network Process (ANP). The case study is shown the applicability of the model in FMEA by DEMATEL-ANP. Results showed that using DEMATEL for finding relationships between failure modes clusters and building an analytical network and solving with ANP model has been the new RPN was reduced by the weights of the risk factors. Also proposed model was more sensitive than traditional FMEA. It can be also recognized that the elements with higher risk than others can solve the problems of the RPN in traditional FMEA.