NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF STANDING WAVES FORMATION INFRONT OF SLOPED BREAKWATERS USING C-SPH

By superposition of an incident wave impinges on a coastal breakwater and the reflected wave from it a series of standing waves is generated in front of a coastal breakwater outside the surfzone. Depends on the slope of the breakwater the reflecting wave generates the fully standing or partial standing wave [4]. During the formation of standing waves a series of recirculating cellsof steady streaming flow is produced, which is the most effective factor in local scouring in frontof coastal breakwaters. Carter et al. [1] studied the hydrodynamics of standing waves in front of vertical breakwaters. They described that the standing waves formation generates a series of recirculating cells of steady streaming in front of vertical breakwater, as shown in Fig.1. Sumerand Fredsøe [3] experimentally studied the scouring in front of a sloping wall breakwater and compared it with the scour process in front of a vertical breakwater. They pointed out that the key mechanism in the scouring process at sloped wall breakwater is the steady streaming caused bypartially standing waves, the same as in case of vertical breakwater. In this paper, the C-SPH1method [2] is used to develop a Lagrangian model to study the hydrodynamics of flows caused byinteraction of standing waves with sloped wall breakwaters. The breakwater steepness effect on thehydrodynamics of standing waves and steady streaming is numerically studied by considering a coastal breakwater with various walls steepness: a vertical-wall, a 1:2 and 2:1 sloped wall breakwaters.

کلیدواژه ها:

recirculating cells ، sloped breakwater ، Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamic ، standing waves ، and steady streaming