IMPLEMENTATION OF MONITORING AND EVALUATION ON IRANIAN ICZM-SMP MODULE BASED ON PROGRESS AND OUTCOME MEASURES

Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) is a process which ensures a balance between coastal socioeconomical demands and environmental aspects. An ICZM plan is regarded as a management plan to improve the quality of communities’ life dependent on coastal resources and maintain the existing biodiversity and ecosystems. It is also a guide to concert future stakeholders’ actions to attain the desired goals [1]. The coastal projects and actions should be monitored and evaluated to ensure compliance with the ICZM.Monitoring and Evaluation Plan (MEP) provides a codified method to measure the progress and outcome of the plan to be sure about the programs implantation and effectiveness.In this study, the MEP was developed to monitor and evaluate Shoreline Management Plan of Iranian ICZM (IICZM-SMP) based on Progress and Outcome assessment.I-ICZM-SMP was performed by Iranian Port and Mariti me Organization (PMO) and signified in 2012 A.D. (1391 S.H.). 2. Materials and Methods Achievement of a specific goal is followed by a series of programs in a management plan (see Figure 1); therefore, determination of relation between goals andprograms is an important part of developing the plan. These relations are basis of assessment of goal achievement in the Monitoring and Evaluation Plan, too.The programs’ tree of management plan in Figure 1 show s that goals are defined to pursue the problems’ solution. Moreover, goals are followed by objectives andtargets, respectively. A series of programs are designed to achieve target which necessitate specific inputs and requirements to provide particular outputs. To monitor andevaluate all part of the programs’ tree; completely, it is important to consider both Progress and Outcome of the proposed programs. The Progress Assessment checks theperformance of program and measure its progress. As shown in Figure 1, to appraise the progress of the programs, their inputs, requirements and outputs areassessed. Complete progress of a program leads to achievement of the connected target. Furthermore, the Outcome Assessment evaluates effectiveness of theprogram to achieve the related goal. According to the tree (see Figure 1), an objective is accomplished if all related targets are attained. Similarly, a goal is reached when thelinked objectives are fulfilled. Ultimately, goal achievement means that the connected problem is solved.For evaluating the progress and outcome of theprograms, two independent indicators’ groups are necessary. Indicators are quantitative/qualitative statements or measured/observed parameters used to describe existingsituations and measure changes or trends over time. Three main functions of indicators are simplification, quantification and communication [2]. In this study,indicators were selected from Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission’s (IOC) proposed indicators.The IOCs’ approach is based on DPSIR method which considers Drivers, Pressures, State, Impact, Responses in the planning. IOCs’ indicators are classified in three categories (see Figure 2) • Governance Performance Indicators • Ecological Indicators • Socioeconomic IndicatorsIndicators were selected considering their application in MEP of Iranian ICZM-SMP. These indicators extended by sub-indicators regarding to pursued goals, objectives andtargets of the I-ICZM-SMP. Application of the indicators measured the progress and outcome of I-SMP. ICZM is a dynamic, multidisciplinary, iterative and continuous process to promote sustainable management of coastal zones [3]. It covers the full cycle of problem identification, development and modification of plan, implementation, monitoring and evaluation (see Figure 3) [4]. MEP identifies problems; then, ICZM is modified considering problems’ solutions. The planning cycle leads to intelligent dynamic plan in a longtime The most important item for developing a plan and consequently, for monitoring and evaluation of it is developing a comprehensive explicit method to consider all aspects of the planning subjects. In this study, Monitoring and Evaluation Plan was proposed based on the Progress and Outcome measurement and was applied on the I-SMP. The relation between SMP’s programs and goals was determined as one of the main part of management plan and MEP. Indicators were selected considering their application in I-MEP. These indicatorsextended by sub-indicators regarding to pursued goals, objectives and targets of the I-SMP. ICZM is followed by a dynamic process to be re-planned considering updatedproblems. 5. References [1] Beeharry, Y; Makoondlall-Chadee, T. and Bokhoree C., Policy Analysis for Performance Assessment of Integrated Coastal Zone Management Initiatives for Coastal Sustainability , Elsevier, APCBEE Procedia, V 9, 2014, p 30-35. [2] IOC (Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission), A Handbook for Measuring the Progress and Outcomes of Integrated Coastal and Ocean Management , UNESCO, 2006. [3] Basraouia, Y.; Chafia, A.; Zarhloulea, Y. and Demnati, S., An Integrated Coastal Zone Management Initiative for Sensitive Coastal Wetland on either Sides of the Moulouya Estuary in Morocco , Elsevier, Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, V 19, 2011, p 520–525.[4] GESAMP (Group of Experts on the Scientific Aspects of Marine Environmental Protection), The Contributions of Science to Integrated Coastal Management , UNESCO-IOC,Reports and Studies No. 61, 1996.