Epigenetic modifications by dietary polyphenols in cancer

سال انتشار: 1396
نوع سند: مقاله کنفرانسی
زبان: انگلیسی
مشاهده: 403

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شناسه ملی سند علمی:

IPMCMED02_120

تاریخ نمایه سازی: 29 فروردین 1397

چکیده مقاله:

Epigenetics describes heritable alterations of gene expression and chromatin organization without changes in DNA sequence. In mammals, epigenetic mechanisms include changes in DNA methylation, histone modifications and non-coding RNAs. Each year, tens of millions of people are diagnosed with cancer around the world, and more than half of the patients eventually die from it. Recent studies with various types of cancers revealed that the epigenetic modifications are associated with the food source corresponds to dietary phytochemicals. The chemopreventive potential of polyphenolic compounds in the recent years has clearly supported their health benefits, including anti-cancer properties. The effects of dietary polyphenols on epigenetic modifications may provide an effective strategy for reducing the health burden of cancer in humans. These dietary polyphenols have shown potential as DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitors, histone modifiers and vary miRNA level altering gene expression and restoring the expression of various tumor suppressor genes. For example, several studies have demonstrated that green tea polyphenols is a potent demethylating agent which inhibits enzymes involved in DNA methylation and is an effective histone modifying agent. This area of research requires more information on the relative potency of these effects of polyphenols alone and in combination with other drugs and natural products or dietary supplements. Apigenin, dietary plant flavonoid, exposure resulted in decrease expression of DNMT1, DNMT3A, DNMT3B and histone deacetylase (HDAC) 1–8 levels. Focusing on epigenetic pathways related cellular targets, SIRT1 and acetyl transferase p300 were reported to be the activated by Resveratrol. In conclusion, results from the studies indicate that the effects of polyphenols or bioactive food components on DNA methylation, miRNA expression histone methylation or chromatin remodeling complexes will contribute to cancer prevention and treatment.

نویسندگان

Seyedeh Tayebeh Rahideh

Assistant Professor, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences