Using metal based electrochemical biosensors with nano-porous surfaces to identify phenol and phenolic compounds

In the past few years, scientists have been looking for simple, low-cost, and rapid methods to identify and remove pollutants, including phenol and their derivatives. The electrochemical biosensors are the most widely used group of biosensors and have been the subject of fundamental research in the last few years, attention was paid to fast online capability, sensitivity, repeatability, and reliability.The purpose of this project increase the sensitivity of phenol electrode / phenol compounds by using similar methods for the metal based electrochemical such as copper, nickel, molybdenum, and etc.In these electrodes, nano-porous surfaces (such as nanosilicon) are used with bioreceptors such as enzymes or non-enzymes these are fixed to the surface of an electrochemical transducer by various methods such as adsorption or trapping.In these electrochemical biosensors, the bioactive layer should be chosen in such a way as to allow to detect phenol and phenolic compounds such as bisphenol with sensitivity, high selectivity, excellent repeatability , stability and appropriate detection limit.advanced electrochemical techniques such as rotating ring-disk voltammetry, square wave voltammetry, and pulsed differential pulse (AC or DC) have been used to produce these compound electrodes.accordingly,in order to detect and extract these compounds, optimal experimental conditions was achieved using the chronopotentiometric or chronoamperometric techniques. The surface morphology of the modified electrode was studied by atomic force microscope (AFM) and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The phenol biosensor exhibited a wide sensing linear range from 5 × 10−8 M to 5 × 10−5 M, a lower detection limit of 3 × 10−8 M. The fabricated TYR/GO-COOH /GCE biosensor showd very good stability, reproducibility, sensitivity and practical usage.