AN INTRODUCTION TO FIRE DETECTION AND ALARM SYSTEMS

Cultural property management is entrusted with the responsibility of protecting and preserving an institution's buildings, collections, operations and occupants. Constant attention is required to minimize adverse impact due to climate, pollution, theft, vandalism, insects, mold and fire. Because of the speed and totality of the destructive forces of fire, it constitutes one of the more serious threats. Vandalized or environmentally damaged structures can be repaired and stolen objects recovered. Items destroyed by fire, however, are gone forever. An uncontrolled fire can obliterate an entire room's contents within a few minutes and completely burn out a building in a couple hours. The first step toward halting a fire is to properly identify the incident, raise the occupant alarm, and then notify emergency response professionals. This is often thefunction of the fire detection and alarm system. Several system types and options are available, depending on the specific characteristics of the protected space This paper presents an overview of fire detection and alarm systems including system types, components and operations and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of them.