Synthesis, characterization and in vivo evaluation of gelatin-hydroxyapatite-silicon carbide nanocomposite scaffold seeded with mesenchymal stem cells for bone tissue repair

Introductionnsufficient mechanical property of bone tissue scaffolds has remained problematic. In our previous study, we fabricated a 3D scaffold from nano-hydroxyapatite/gelatin (nHA/Gel) and investigated its efficiency in bone regeneration both in vitro and in vivo. In the present study, the effects of adding silicon carbide (SiC) on mechanical and biological behaviors of the nHA/Gel/SiC were determined.MethodsThe nHA and SiC were synthesized and characterized by XRD pattern and TEM image. The scaffolds were fabricated by the layer solvent casting combined with the freeze-drying and lamination techniques. Synthetic nHA/Gel/SiC scaffold was investigated to evaluate biocompatibility and adhesion of the cell. In this study, 45 mature rat which had been created an 8mm defect on their parietal bone and were categorized into three groups, including blank defect, blank scaffold, and BM-MSCs/scaffold were used. After 1, 4, and 12 weeks of surgery, rats were sacrificed and the calvaria were harvested. Some sections with 5μm thick had been prepared to stain with Hematoxylin-eosin, Masson s Trichrome, and Immunohistochemistry.ResultsThe results obtained from this study showed that the SiC increased the mechanical function of the nHA/Gel/SiC scaffold. No significant differences in biocompatibility, cell adhesion and cytotoxicity of the nHA/Gel/SiC were observed when compared to nHA/Gel nano-composite. Based on histological and immunohistochemical assessments, osteogenesis and collagenization has been far better in BM-MSCs/scaffolds not only quantitatively but also qualitatively.ConclusionThe present study strongly suggests the potential of SiC as an alternative strategy to improve mechanical property of bone tissue engineering scaffolds and pre‐seeded nHA/Gel/SiC scaffold with bone marrow mesenchymal cells presented improve osteogenesis in the engineered bone implant

کلیدواژه ها:

Tissue engineering ، Nanocomposite ، Biomaterial ، Bone repairing ، critical defect ، gelatin/hydroxyapatite/silicon carbide.