Application of mechanotransduction in induction of efficient and targeted differentiation into the stem cells

سال انتشار: 1397
نوع سند: مقاله کنفرانسی
زبان: انگلیسی
مشاهده: 516

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شناسه ملی سند علمی:

ITERMED01_344

تاریخ نمایه سازی: 7 مرداد 1398

چکیده مقاله:

Tissue engineering is an interdisciplinary field that applies principals of life sciences and engineering to improve or replace failing or malfunctioning body tissues. Due to the extensive use of stem cells in tissue engineering, today, the study of various factors controlling and inducing differentiation in them has been highly considered.Differentiation is the process where an unspecialized cell acquires cellular traits that allow it to perform specialized functions. During this process different biochemical paths occur by stem cells, which directly effect on their differentiation and final functional results. These paths are selected in response to chemical and physical ECM (Extra Cellular Matrix) signals received by stem cells.The mechanism by which cells convert mechanical signals into biochemical responses is called mechanotransduction. Studies show that cells can sense physical signals of the ECM and transmit this information throughout the cytoskeleton up to the nuclear structure, thereby influence cell response. Stiffness, geometry, ligand spacing and time-dependent biomaterial physical properties; such as time-dependent matrix stiffness, degradability, viscoelasticity and surface mobility, are the most important features of the physics of the ECM that have been investigated. For example, epithelial and fibroblastic cells exhibited reduced spreading, irregular-shaped, highly dynamic FAs (Focal Adhesions) and increased motility on soft compared to stiffer collagen-coated polyacrylamide substrates. Studying the mechanical properties of the ECM and their implications in determining the fate of the cell, helps us to provide an appropriate substrate for controlling the stem cell differentiation into specialized cells, and consequently a more efficient tissue engineering.

نویسندگان

Fereshteh Jafarbeglou

Insitute of mechanical engineering, College of engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

Behnaz Bakhshandeh

Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

Mohammad Ali Nazari

Insitute of mechanical engineering, College of engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran