An In Vitro Endosperm Culture of Anthurium

A new route of in vitro endosperm culture of Anthurium andreanum Linden ex André aiming to explore feasibility production of triploid plants with more vigorous vegetative growth, superior quality of leaves, larger flower and more colorful was successfully established. Regenerative callus up to 100% with + callus score was determined on Vacin and Went (VW) medium (1949) fortified by 0.75 mg/l thidiazuron (TDZ) and 0.15 mg/l benzylaminopurine (BAP) after periodical subcultures on half-strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium (1962) supplemented with 0.12 mg/l 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), 0.75 mg/l TDZ and 0.5 mg/l BAP. Mature endosperm explants were sliced longitudinally into 2-4 parts, followed by removing embryo in the basal position, wounded their surfaces by tissue culture blade, cultured in the media, incubated in dark for one month, then transferred to light incubation in 12 h photoperiod under cool influorescent lamp with ⁓ 13 μmol/m2/s, 24±1°C and 60.6 ± 3.8 relative humidity for next one month to increase callus regeneration potency of them. High regeneration of shoots was proved in New Winarto Teixeira da Silva (NWT) medium supplemented with 0.25 mg/l 2,4-D, 1.5 mg/l TDZ, 0.75 mg/l BAP and 0.02 mg/l α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and increased gradually from 3.6 - 13.5 shoots per callus incubated after periodical subcultures. The shoots were easily rooted on NWT medium containing 0.06 mg/l 2,4-D, 0.37 mg/l TDZ, 0.5 mg/l BAP and transferred ex vitro in a mixture of burned-rice husk, raw rice husk and organic manure (2:2:1, v/v/v) with acclimatization process resulting in 48-74% of survival plantlets. Based on chromosome and chloroplast counting, the acclimatized-plants derived from the in vitro endosperm culture successfully produced 5-12.5% or 2-4 triploid plants out of 22-37 survival plantlets. The research results can be applied and improved for producing triploid plants on different anthuriums.

کلیدواژه ها:

Mature Endosperm ، Ploidy Analysis ، Anthurium andreanum ، Media