Arteriovenous malformation; a review of current concepts

Objectives: To further improves the ability of AVM recognition and providing the physicians with a large spectrum of valid treatment modalities and concepts.Data source: a literature search of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane CENTRAL from 1980 to 2014. Inclusion criteria included English language as containing original data, availability of full text article in our institution. The first author reviewed all manuscripts and performed a comprehensive assessment of current concepts around arteriovenous malformationsMethods: A review of the contemporary peer-reviewed literature as well as review articles of current diagnostic modalities and corroborated managements of facial arteriovenous malformations.Results: imaging provides crucial informations about initial diagnosis and aids in fallow up. Specific imaging modality contributes different information to the process including anatomic extent, size, location, presence or absence of phleboliths and proximity to vital structures. An ultrasound imaging especially with gray scale is usually the first choice for pediatric patients. Standard protocol of Some institutes for vascular head and neck anomalies include tri-planar T2 weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with fat saturation, pre and post contrast axial T1 MRI, post contrast coronal and sagital T1 images with fat saturations. There have been various treatment options for AVMs consist of medical therapy, surgical removal or sclerotherapy.Conclusion: the management of AVMs is a multifactorial decision and best determined by both patients and clinician attitudes. There is no standard recommendation for AVM treatment although there have been some suggestions about how to select your optimal sclerosing agent based upon the clinician s temporary or permanent therapeutic goals.

کلیدواژه ها:

Arteriovenous malformation ، ultrasound imaging ، magnetic resonance imaging