The effects of metabolic surgery on gut microbiota: Potential contribution to weight loss and improved insulin sensitivity

سال انتشار: 1395
نوع سند: مقاله کنفرانسی
زبان: انگلیسی
مشاهده: 696

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شناسه ملی سند علمی:

MPHBS01_057

تاریخ نمایه سازی: 22 آبان 1395

چکیده مقاله:

Introduction: Increasing rates of obesity and diabetes and the failure of many dietary and pharmacological interventions, have contributed to a rise in popularity of metabolic surgery as a therapeutic option for long-term treatment of obesity and diabetes. Surgery-mediated weight loss and insulin-resistance improvement was initially thought to be a direct result of mechanical alterations of the digestive tract. However, evidence suggests changes on the human gut microbiota contribute to fat mass regulation. The aim of this systematic review is to describe microbiota modulations observed after bariatric surgery and its potential relationships with improved insulin resistance. Materials and methods: A comprehensive literature search for published or unpublished studies prior to December 2015 was performed using PubMed and Scopus. Gray literature was also searched through Google scholar. Results: Studies demonstrated that gut microbiota composition is modified after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy. The richness of gut microbiota increased after RYGB; 37% of increased bacteria belonged to Proteobacteria. Firmicutes decreased in post-gastric-bypass individuals. Increased numbers of Proteobacterium Enterobacter cancerogenus and decreased numbers of Firmicutes Faecalibacterium prausnitzii were mainly associated with BMI and C-reactive protein and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii species was lower in subjects with diabetes and associated negatively with inflammatory markers. Moreover, Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass results in decrease of Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) from gut microbiota, which has been proposed as a triggering factor for the inflammatory state in obesity and insulin resistance. Conclusion: These results suggest that obesity and diabetes may predominantly be intestinal diseases. Metabolic surgeries could improve the obesity-associated gut microbiota composition towards a lean microbiota phenotype

نویسندگان

Hanieh Sadat Ejtahed

Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Ahmad Reza Soroush

Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Shirin Hasani Ranjbar

Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran