Circulating micrornas as new biomarkers for gastric cancer diagnosis: systematic review

Gastric cancer (GC) is the second leading cause of global cancer mortality. Most GC patients are diagnosed with advanced-stage disease and show extremely poor prognosis. Recent study indicates thatcirculating microRNAs (miRNAs) exhibit aberrant expression in the plasma of patients suffering from cancer compared to normal individuals, suggesting that it may be a useful noninvasive diagnosticmethod. A number of microRNAs play important role in GC.We conducted this systematic review to identify the most important differently expressed miRNAs that have been consistently reported in aseries of independent miRNA expression profiling studies in GC patients and mostly the aim of this review is to evaluate the effects of circulating miRNAs in the diagnosis of GC. This review was done bysearching on PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct and Web of Science by entering Gastric cancer, Circulating microRNAs, Blood, Plasma, Serum and Diagnosis as keywords. A total of 41 miRNAs werereported in examined all studies, 29 were up-regulated and 6 were down-regulated and 6 showed no change in the blood of patients with GC. We identified 8 miRNAs that were most consistently reportedto be up-regulated (miR-21, miR-106a, b, miR-17, miR-18a, miR-20a, miR221 and miR223). These miRNAs may be used for diagnostic and/or prognostic biomarkers for GC and therefore warrant further investigation.Dysregulation of tumor markers can occur in response to the presence of a tumor or a change in status, enabling them to be used for a range of applications, including screening, diagnosis, staging, prognosis, and monitoring of recurrence after treatment. In the future, a miRNA could be a better diagnostic than a single gene. However, the challenge is to develop a standard protocol for collecting large specimens, re-analyzing them in a large independent cohort, and validating their significance in clinical applications

کلیدواژه ها:

Gastric Cancer ، Cancer Diagnosis ، Cancer Prevention ، Gene and Cancer ، Cancer Genetics