The role of dietary pattern assessment in the predictive ability to human cancer risk.

Based on recent epidemiological studies assessing dietary patterns rather than nutrients patterns is more practical to predict the nutrition-related cancer risk. Because in one hand, food and nutrients arenot eaten in isolation and on the other hand the items related to food safety and diet consumed by individuals has been become complex, so addressing the effect of overall diet approach should be taken into account for the complex interactions and synergy between foods and nutrients in nutrition-related cancer risk. The Healthy Eating Index (HEI), the Diet Quality Index (DQI), the Healthy Diet Indicator(HDI) and the Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS) are the four original diet quality scores that evaluate the overall diet and categorize individuals according to the extent to which their eating behavior is healthy and predict the cancer-related nutritional risks. The most recent scientific researchers on role of dietary patterns in nutrition-related cancer were systematically reviewed. The mentioned keywordsand phrases such as nutrients , non-nutrients , dietary pattern , colorectal cancer , obesity , breast cancer , prostate cancer , stomach cancer , food , food group , dietary factors , pancreatic cancer , Mediterranean Diet in electronic databases and books between the years 2001 and 2017 were used.Dietary pattern is an approach to reflect whole foods and/or combinations of consumption, the temporal distribution of intake, and habitual patterns (e.g., snacking and food preparation methods). The main part of diets as a cause of human breast cancer is dietary fats. Dietary salt intake increases the risk of stomach cancer. Alcoholic beverage, carbonated soft drinks consumption, red meat and processed meat intake have related with increased risk of gastrointestinal cancer. Red meat cooking and preparation method has a positive effect on prostate- and pancreatic- cancer risk. Alcohol and obesity are the main risk factors for Hepatocellular carcinoma. The alternate Mediterranean diet, the anti-inflammatory dietary approach and non-nutritive ingredients of diet like as phytochemicals reduced the human cancers risk. Examination of the totality of dietary patterns predicts nutritional risk for appropriate intervention in cancer prevention and treatment

کلیدواژه ها:

Breast Cancer ، Prostate Cancer ، Gastric Cancer ، Colorectal Cancer ، Stomach Cancer ، Cancer Prevention ، Cancer Risks ، Lifestyle and Cancer ، Nutrition and Cancer