A brief review of bioengineered skin substitutes

Background:Significantly skin injuries has major healthcare implications. In recent decade, tissue engineering has been introduced as a therapeutic approach for curing of degenerative diseases. This research aimed to provide objective data on skin substitute.Methods: Literature review have been evaluated using PubMed for studies on skin substitute, evaluating the cell sources, scaffold materials and in vitro and in vivo results.Result:Skin substitutes for wound healing developed from autologous epidermal sheets to more complex cutaneous tissue which can be synthesized from acellular tissue, xenograft, allograft, autograft, or synthetic sources. However, to this date, engineered skin substitutes has their own limitation such as inadequate vascularization, lack of flexibility, failure to reconstitute skin appendages such as hair follicles. With the help of stem cells science and nanotechnology, manipulation of tissue engineered skin substitutes have developed and skin regeneration and wound healing improved. Progresses and challenges of various available biomaterials, cell sources and in vitro skin models, are the topics that should be investigated.Conclusion:The researchers efforts to redesign a competent full thickness skin substitute product which is commercially affordable, biocompatible and viable with longer shelf life, are continuing. The future holds bright promise for treating skin injuries to restore the functional performance of skin.