Usage of Combined Solar - Chlorine disinfection process in treating un-potable water for small rural communities in arid or semi arid area of Iran

A lack of resources and distribution of infrastructure makes the application of the common disinfection procedure extremely limited in small villages, especially those situated in hot weathers where waterborne diseases are prevalent. Solar radiation removes a wide range of organic chemicals and pathogenic organisms by direct exposure, is relatively inexpensive, and avoids generation of harmful by-products of chemically driven technologies. This could be an appropriate method for solving the problem of purification of water or even wastewater in rural communities. The average solar radiation for the Iran as a whole is about 19.23 Mega joules per square meter, and it is even higher in the central part of Iran, so use of solar energy for disinfection is highly suggested for some specific areas. The solar chamber unit, in a pilot plant scale, made up of PLEXY plates or PET plates should be built in order to investigate the effect of solar energy and heat adsorbed by water through UV-A radiation. Further research just focused on the use of solar energy in disinfection by means of batch reactor. It was reported total removal of three orders of magnitude [3log10] for pathogenic organism. The heat increasing due to UV-A radiation helped the removal efficiency greatly. The differences between the previouse researchs and the recent proposal are about the continuity of water flow and the additional chlorine unit following the solar disinfection chamber. The results that is gained from these researchs may guide us to the efficiency of the combined solar-chlorine disinfection process.

کلیدواژه ها:

Disinfection ، un-potable waters ، solar – chlorine unit ، rural communities