The effect of 2ip on direct organogenesis of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.)

Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) as a key species in the preservation of oasis ecosystems is an economically important plant in arid zones of Middle East and North Africa. It is perennial long lived, dioecious, monocotyledon which is highly heterozygous. It is grown for their valuable fruits combine with their potential to produce fuel and fiber to provide shelter for ground crops in those areas. The region contains 62 million date palm trees out of 105 million worldwide. The 7.04 million metric tons of dates production in world generates important commercial activities (FAO 2008). Biotechnology is an alternative way to meet the increasing demand of date palm production, as the conventional propagation techniques are limited to produce sufficient number of date palm plants. In the past decade, a wide range of economically important palms (coconut, oil palm and date palm) have been cloned by using the tissue culture techniques (Al Kaabi et al., 2001). The direct organogenesis technique, based on exploitation of meristematic tissue, is a technique to produce the genetically stable plantlets directly from parental tissues without formation of callus and hormonal (2,4-D) use (Kunert et al., 2003). In this research we studied the effect of different hormonal combinations (MS + BAP, NOA, NAA and 2ip) on initiation of vegetative buds of date palm. The bud and shoot were about 6 to 12 months to initiate, depend on genotype. The hormonal effect was also genotype dependent. The highest number of buds (5) was shown in 2ip (2mg/l) which were significantly different with other hormonal treatments. The experiments were carried out in complete randomized block design as per the treatment/combination. The statistical analysis done by using SAS and Excel programs.

کلیدواژه ها:

date palm ، direct organogenesis ، 2ip ، tissue culture