The Application of Polymer Scaffolds and Stem Cells to Repair the Nervous System

Today, the use of cell therapy and tissue engineering is used in the treatment of many neurodegenerative diseases of the central nervous system, like ALS. Common treatments for these diseases are the use of autologous tissue around the tissue, but due to the complications of these methods, including the prevalence of post-surgical infections, the use of these methods always has been limited. For this reason, the use of tissue engineering and polymer scaffolding in the field of nerve reconstruction has attracted much attention. Successful nerve tissue engineering is fundamentally dependent on cellular regulation and tissue development through the creation of a synthetic scaffold that is an analog of the extracellular matrix, which can support 3D cell cultures. Therefore, there is a need to create synthetic scaffolds that are biocompatible, biodegradable, disabling the immune response to biomaterials to support nerve growth. Chitosan and alginate, including polymers that are used in this field because of having the mentioned properties. Stem cells are a group of undifferentiated cells that arecapable of differentiating into a variety of specialized cells. The discovery of these cells in the central nervous system has created new hopes for the treatment of degenerative diseases of the central nervous system, such as stroke, Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s, and spinalcord injury. Conclusion: Therefore, the combination of polymer scaffolds and stem cells can be promising for the treatment of neurological diseases