Study of heavy metals concentration (Hg, Ca, Zn and Ar) and risk assessment in Anchovies fishes by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy in the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea

The current research, in winter of 2018, was done in order to determine the concentration of heavy metals of Mercury, Cadmium, Arsenic and Zinc in Anchovies fishes. After sampling and biometry the aquatic (60 samples) were transferred to laboratory for measuring the concentration of heavy metals in fresh and dried types. Measuring the metals in body of fishes was done by using of Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). Data analyzing was done by using of SPSS software (version 24). For comparing the concentration of considered heavy metals t-test method were done. The results of this research show that there is positive and significant correlation in under study with regions, also dried and fresh types, so that, concentration of Mercury non detected in any concentration but in another metals concentration had different in each regions (P<0.05). The results of this study by t-test method for average concentration showed that in the body of the species studied in the regions, fresh and dried type, except for mercury , in all other metals, there was a significant and positive correlation (p<0.05). Also, by comparing the average concentration of metals found in the body of the species with the reference dose (RfD) of the EPA organization, only the concentration of Arsenic metal in the dried types of the Oman Sea and the Persian Gulf regions was higher than the limit and the concentrations of mercury, cadmium and zinc metals are lower than the specified value.Also the result of THQ and HI for a 70 kg person shows that, the Potential Danger of Mercury, Cadmium and Zinc in all studied samples, was less than one, that shows the daily absorption of these metals by consumers is less than which has harmful effects on their health during their lifetime. But for dried specimens of the studied regions, THQ and HI for Arsenic were more than one, indicating that there is a risk of food intake in this amount.