The most valuable biomarkers of Alzheimer s disease: A review article

Background and Aim : Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most popular type of dementia in elderly and is described by a progressive loss of cognitive capacity and severe neurodegeneration which typically begins with memory deficits. The major biomarkers of AD include total tau, phosphorylated-tau and 42 amino acid isoform of amyloid beta that reflect neurodegeneration and indicate the pathophysiological processes in AD. Biomarkers have been analyzed in different kinds of body fluid. Cereberospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers are particularly valuable to discriminate early AD from other diseases associated with memory impairment.Methods : In this article, we reviewed different kinds of biomarkers and their validity to diagnose and effectiveness in AD therapy. biomarkers included CSF biomarkers, Neuronal imaging biomarkers,Blood biomarkers,Anatomical Markers, Pathophysiological marker , Peripheral markers.Results : Extensive evidences suggest that CSF biomarkers have high sensitivity and speci city for diagnosis and monitoring of Alzheimer brains.Conclusion : Use of neuroimaging and CSF biomarkers provide new insights into brain organization and enable the detection of specific proteins and/or protein aggregates associated with AD.

کلیدواژه ها:

Biomarkers ، Alzheimer’s disease ، Blood ، Cereberospinal fluid